10mm Auto vs .38 Special

The 10mm Auto vs .38 Special comparison shows what a century of handgun development can produce. The 10mm Auto (175gr JHP at 1150 fps) delivers 429 ft-lbs at 50 yards while the .38 Special (125gr JHP at 900 fps) produces 202 ft-lbs. The 10mm penetrates 15.5-15.9 inches, centered in the FBI's 12-18 inch optimal zone, while the .38 Special sits at the lower edge with 11.9-12.1 inches. Recoil reflects the power difference: 7.69 ft-lbs for the 10mm versus 2.19 ft-lbs for the .38 Special. The .38 Special works well in lightweight snub-nose revolvers for concealed carry; the 10mm excels for woods defense and hunting.

Ammunition Parameters

10mm Auto Parameters (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Type:
JHP
Bullet Weight:
175 grains
Muzzle Velocity:
1150 fps
Ballistic Coefficient:
0.155
Zero Range:
25 yards
Drag Function:
G1
Sight Height:
0.5 inches

.38 Special Parameters (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Type:
JHP
Bullet Weight:
125 grains
Muzzle Velocity:
900 fps
Ballistic Coefficient:
0.14
Zero Range:
25 yards
Drag Function:
G1
Sight Height:
0.5 inches

10mm Auto vs .38 Special Ballistics Chart

Comparing bullet drop at various ranges between 10mm Auto and .38 Special.

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Try Our Ballistics Calculators

Want to calculate exact trajectories for these calibers with your specific loads?

10mm Auto vs .38 Special Energy Comparison

Comparing the muzzle energy and energy retention at various distances between 10mm Auto and .38 Special.

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10mm Auto vs .38 Special Bullet Penetration

Comparison of estimated penetration depth in 10% ballistic gel between 10mm Auto and .38 Special at self-defense distances.

Self-Defense Ammunition Penetration

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Notes:

  • FBI standard for optimal penetration is 12-18 inches in 10% ballistics gel
  • Our penetration data is calculated using mathematical models based on sectional density, velocity, and expansion factors. While not actual gel tests, our calculations have been validated against manufacturer test data and provide reliable estimates for comparison purposes.
  • Actual results may vary depending on clothing barriers and other factors

10mm Auto vs .38 Special Recoil

Comparing recoil energy and impulse between 10mm Auto and .38 Special.

10mm Auto Recoil (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Weight:
175.0 gr
Bullet Velocity:
1150.0 fps
Powder Charge:
9 gr
Firearm Weight:
2.5 lbs
Recoil Impulse:
1.09 lbs·sec
Recoil Velocity:
14.07 fps
Recoil Energy:
7.69 ft·lbf

.38 Special Recoil (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Weight:
125.0 gr
Bullet Velocity:
900.0 fps
Powder Charge:
3.8 gr
Firearm Weight:
2.5 lbs
Recoil Impulse:
0.58 lbs·sec
Recoil Velocity:
7.51 fps
Recoil Energy:
2.19 ft·lbf
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Notes:

  • Recoil calculations based on bullet weight, velocity, powder charge, and firearm weight
  • Recoil energy indicates the felt force when firing the weapon
  • Recoil impulse represents momentum transfer during firing
  • Actual felt recoil can vary based on grip, stance, and firearm design

10mm Auto vs .38 Special Velocity

Velocity decay from muzzle to 50 yards for 10mm Auto and .38 Special.

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10mm Auto vs .38 Special Average Cost

Comparing cost per round and training affordability between 10mm Auto and .38 Special.

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