10mm Auto vs .40 S&W

When comparing 10mm Auto vs .40 S&W calibers for self-defense applications, several key differences emerge in their ballistic performance. The 10mm Auto (175gr JHP at 1150 fps) delivers higher energy throughout its trajectory, maintaining 429 ft-lbs at 50 yards compared to the .40 S&W's (165gr JHP at 1175 fps) 413 ft-lbs. Both calibers demonstrate effective penetration in the optimal defensive range, with the 10mm offering slightly deeper penetration potential. The 10mm generates noticeably more recoil with approximately 30% higher recoil energy (7.69 ft-lbs vs 5.94 ft-lbs). Cost-wise, .40 S&W ammunition is typically more affordable, with prices starting around $0.31 per round versus $0.40 for 10mm. Remember that performance can vary significantly with different ammunition selections, bullet weights, and firearm configurations, so these figures represent common defensive loadings rather than definitive performance benchmarks.

Ammunition Parameters

10mm Auto Parameters (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Type:
JHP
Bullet Weight:
175 grains
Muzzle Velocity:
1150 fps
Ballistic Coefficient:
0.155
Zero Range:
25 yards
Drag Function:
G1
Sight Height:
0.5 inches

.40 S&W Parameters (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Type:
JHP
Bullet Weight:
165 grains
Muzzle Velocity:
1175 fps
Ballistic Coefficient:
0.145
Zero Range:
25 yards
Drag Function:
G1
Sight Height:
0.5 inches

10mm Auto vs .40 S&W Ballistics Chart

Comparing bullet drop at various ranges between 10mm Auto and .40 S&W.

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Try Our Ballistics Calculators

Want to calculate exact trajectories for these calibers with your specific loads?

10mm Auto vs .40 S&W Energy Comparison

Comparing the muzzle energy and energy retention at various distances between 10mm Auto and .40 S&W.

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10mm Auto vs .40 S&W Bullet Penetration

Comparison of estimated penetration depth in 10% ballistic gel between 10mm Auto and .40 S&W at self-defense distances.

Self-Defense Ammunition Penetration

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Notes:

  • FBI standard for optimal penetration is 12-18 inches in 10% ballistics gel
  • Our penetration data is calculated using mathematical models based on sectional density, velocity, and expansion factors. While not actual gel tests, our calculations have been validated against manufacturer test data and provide reliable estimates for comparison purposes.
  • Actual results may vary depending on clothing barriers and other factors

10mm Auto vs .40 S&W Recoil

Comparing recoil energy and impulse between 10mm Auto and .40 S&W.

10mm Auto Recoil (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Weight:
175.0 gr
Bullet Velocity:
1150.0 fps
Powder Charge:
9 gr
Firearm Weight:
2.5 lbs
Recoil Impulse:
1.09 lbs·sec
Recoil Velocity:
14.07 fps
Recoil Energy:
7.69 ft·lbf

.40 S&W Recoil (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Weight:
165.0 gr
Bullet Velocity:
1175.0 fps
Powder Charge:
4.5 gr
Firearm Weight:
2.5 lbs
Recoil Impulse:
0.96 lbs·sec
Recoil Velocity:
12.36 fps
Recoil Energy:
5.94 ft·lbf
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Notes:

  • Recoil calculations based on bullet weight, velocity, powder charge, and firearm weight
  • Recoil energy indicates the felt force when firing the weapon
  • Recoil impulse represents momentum transfer during firing
  • Actual felt recoil can vary based on grip, stance, and firearm design

10mm Auto vs .40 S&W Velocity

Velocity decay from muzzle to 50 yards for 10mm Auto and .40 S&W.

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10mm Auto vs .40 S&W Average Cost

Comparing cost per round and training affordability between 10mm Auto and .40 S&W.

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