Home Handguns 9mm Luger
FN 509 9mm
9mm Luger • FN

FN 509 9mm

Model: 66-100002

17
CAPACITY
4.0"
BARREL
1.7
LBS
Semi-Auto
ACTION
9mm Luger
CALIBER
$754
MSRP

Full Specifications

Action Type Semi-Auto
Trigger Striker-Fired
Trigger Pull 5.5 lbs
Safety Trigger Safety, Firing Pin Block
Optic Ready No
Magazines Included 2
Overall Length 7.4"
Barrel Length 4.0"
Height 5.56"
Width 1.35"
Weight 26.9 oz (1.68 lbs)
Frame Material Polymer
Slide Material Stainless Steel
Slide Finish Ferritic Nitrocarburizing (FNC)
Barrel Material Stainless Steel
Barrel Finish Cold Hammer-Forged
Twist Rate 1:10" RH
Grip Type Interchangeable Backstrap
Country of Origin USA

About This Firearm

FN built the 509 from the platform it submitted for the U.S. Army's Modular Handgun System trials. The military heritage shows in the materials: a cold hammer-forged stainless steel barrel and FNC-coated stainless slide that resist corrosion and wear better than the carbon steel found in most polymer 9mms. The gun holds 17 rounds, weighs 26.9 oz, and runs a 4" barrel in a 7.4" frame. Two magazines and interchangeable backstraps ship in the box.

The base 509 lacks an optic cut, which puts it behind the Walther PDP and Springfield Echelon that ship optic-ready. The 5.5 lb trigger is functional but unremarkable among striker-fired guns. Where the 509 earns its place is longevity. The stainless barrel will outlast carbon steel barrels by thousands of rounds, and the FNC slide coating handles sweat, holster wear, and neglect better than standard nitride finishes. For shooters who keep a gun for a decade or more and put serious round counts through it, the material advantage compounds over time.

Best For

GOOD
Durability / Hard Use
Cold hammer-forged stainless barrel and FNC-coated stainless slide outlast carbon steel on corrosion and barrel life. The MHS-derived design was tested to military endurance standards before commercial release. For high-round-count shooters, the material difference starts paying off past 10,000 rounds.
GOOD
Home Defense
Seventeen rounds, a MIL-STD-1913 rail for full-size weapon lights, and 3-dot luminescent sights that glow in low light without tritium. The 4" barrel produces less muzzle flash than shorter barrels, which matters in a dark hallway.

Strengths & Limitations

Strengths
  • Cold hammer-forged stainless steel barrel and FNC-coated stainless slide provide better corrosion and wear resistance than the carbon steel used in most competitors. Owners in humid climates report virtually no surface rust even with minimal maintenance.
  • MIL-STD-1913 rail, 3-dot luminescent sights, and 17-round capacity make it home-defense ready straight from the box
  • The 5.79" sight radius is longer than most 4"-barreled guns, giving a slight accuracy advantage with iron sights at distance
Limitations
  • No optic cut on the base model. The Walther PDP and HK VP9 both ship optic-ready, and the 509 Tactical or 509 MRD are required if you want factory optic mounting from FN.
  • The 5.5 lb trigger is competent but unremarkable. The Canik METE SFT breaks at 3.8 lbs, and the CZ P-10 F sits around 4.5 lbs. Both feel noticeably crisper.

Category Rankings

How the FN 509 9mm ranks among full-size 9mm Luger handguns.

Capacity
#9 of 22
Top 41%
17 rds
Weight
#11 of 22
Top 50%
1.7 lbs
Barrel
#18 of 22
Top 82%
4.0"
Trigger Pull
#9 of 20
Top 45%
5.5 lbs
MSRP
#19 of 21
Top 90%
$754
Overall Length
#5 of 22
Top 23%
7.4"

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Where to Buy

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Glock G17 Gen5 MOS 9mm
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Taurus G3 9mm
Taurus

Frequently Asked Questions

Does the FN 509 accept magazines from other FN pistols?

No. The 509 uses proprietary FN magazines that are not cross-compatible with Glock, Sig, or any other platform. It ships with two 17-round magazines. The 24-round extended magazines from the 509 Tactical also fit the base 509 and extend below the grip. The aftermarket magazine ecosystem is smaller than for more popular platforms, so stock up when you find them available.

What is the difference between the FN 509 and FN 509 Tactical?

The 509 Tactical adds an optic-ready slide, 1/2x28 threaded barrel, suppressor-height night sights, FDE finish, and three 24-round magazines. The barrel grows from 4" to 4.5" and overall length increases from 7.4" to 7.9". Weight goes up about 1 oz to 27.9 oz. If you want a suppressor host or a red dot, the Tactical is the version to buy.

How does the FNC slide coating compare to standard nitride?

Ferritic Nitrocarburizing (FNC) is a surface hardening process that penetrates deeper than standard nitride coatings. It creates a harder, more corrosion-resistant surface layer. In practical terms, the FNC slide handles holster wear, sweat, and cleaning solvent exposure better than standard finishes. Owners who carry daily in humid environments report the FNC finish holds up well over years of use.