.45 ACP vs 9mm Luger

A detailed comparison between .45 ACP and 9mm Luger covering bullet energy, penetration, ballistics, recoil, and cost data to help you choose the right caliber for your needs.

Ammunition Parameters

.45 ACP Parameters (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Type:
JHP
Bullet Weight:
230 grains
Muzzle Velocity:
850 fps
Ballistic Coefficient:
0.193
Zero Range:
25 yards
Drag Function:
G1
Sight Height:
0.5 inches

9mm Luger Parameters (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Type:
JHP
Bullet Weight:
124 grains
Muzzle Velocity:
1201 fps
Ballistic Coefficient:
0.196
Zero Range:
25 yards
Drag Function:
G1
Sight Height:
0.5 inches

Energy Comparison

Comparing the muzzle energy and energy retention at various distances between .45 ACP and 9mm Luger.

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Bullet Penetration

Comparison of estimated penetration depth in 10% ballistic gel between .45 ACP and 9mm Luger at self-defense distances.

Self-Defense Ammunition Penetration

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Notes:

  • FBI standard for optimal penetration is 12-18 inches in 10% ballistics gel
  • Our penetration data is calculated using mathematical models based on sectional density, velocity, and expansion factors. While not actual gel tests, our calculations have been validated against manufacturer test data and provide reliable estimates for comparison purposes.
  • Actual results may vary depending on clothing barriers and other factors

Recoil Comparison

Comparing recoil energy and impulse between .45 ACP and 9mm Luger.

.45 ACP Recoil (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Weight:
230.0 gr
Bullet Velocity:
850.0 fps
Powder Charge:
4.6 gr
Firearm Weight:
2.5 lbs
Recoil Impulse:
0.97 lbs·sec
Recoil Velocity:
12.49 fps
Recoil Energy:
6.06 ft·lbf

9mm Luger Recoil (Self-Defense Load)

Bullet Weight:
124.0 gr
Bullet Velocity:
1201.0 fps
Powder Charge:
5 gr
Firearm Weight:
2.5 lbs
Recoil Impulse:
0.77 lbs·sec
Recoil Velocity:
9.94 fps
Recoil Energy:
3.84 ft·lbf
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Notes:

  • Recoil calculations based on bullet weight, velocity, powder charge, and firearm weight
  • Recoil energy indicates the felt force when firing the weapon
  • Recoil impulse represents momentum transfer during firing
  • Actual felt recoil can vary based on grip, stance, and firearm design

Velocity Comparison

Velocity decay from muzzle to 50 yards for .45 ACP and 9mm Luger.

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Trajectory Comparison

Comparing bullet drop at various ranges between .45 ACP and 9mm Luger.

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Try Our Ballistics Calculators

Want to calculate exact trajectories for these calibers with your specific loads?

Cost Comparison

Comparing cost per round and training affordability between .45 ACP and 9mm Luger.

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